Introduction

The story of American scientist, J. Robert Oppenheimer, and his role in the development of the atomic bomb.

Based on the 2005 biography American Prometheus by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin, the film chronicles the career of American theoretical physicist J. Robert Oppenheimer. The story predominantly focuses on Oppenheimer’s early studies, his direction of the Manhattan Project during World War II, and his eventual fall from grace due to his 1954 security hearing.

Outline

In 1926, the 22-year-old doctoral student J. Robert Oppenheimer suffers from homesickness and anxiety while studying under experimental physicist Patrick Blackett at the Cavendish Laboratory in Cambridge. Upset with Blackett, Oppenheimer retaliates by leaving him a poisoned apple, then narrowly prevents visiting scientist Niels Bohr from eating it. Oppenheimer completes his PhD in physics at the University of Göttingen in Germany, and later meets theoretical physicist Werner Heisenberg at a conference held at ETH Zurich, Switzerland. He returns to the United States, hoping to expand quantum physics research there, and begins teaching at the University of California, Berkeley and the California Institute of Technology; not long after, World War II breaks out in Europe. He meets his future wife, Katherine Puening, a biologist and ex-communist. He also has an intermittent affair with Jean Tatlock, a member of the Communist Party USA, until her suicide a few years later.

In 1942, US Army General Leslie Groves recruits Oppenheimer to lead the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb after Oppenheimer assures him he has no communist sympathies. Oppenheimer, who is Jewish, is particularly driven by the Nazis’ potentially completing their nuclear weapons programme that Heisenberg heads. Oppenheimer assembles a scientific team including Edward Teller and Isidor Isaac Rabi in Los Alamos, New Mexico to secretly create the bomb. Oppenheimer collaborates with the scientists Enrico Fermi and David L. Hill, and he and Albert Einstein discuss how an atomic bomb risks triggering an unstoppable chain reaction that could destroy the world.

After Germany surrenders, several project scientists question the bomb’s continued importance, but Oppenheimer assures them that the bomb is still necessary to end the war in the Pacific. The Trinity test is successfully conducted just before the Potsdam Conference. President Harry S. Truman orders the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, forcing Japan’s surrender and thrusting Oppenheimer into the public eye as the “father of the atomic bomb”. Haunted by the immense destruction and loss of life, Oppenheimer urges Truman to restrict further development of nuclear weapons, but the President disregards Oppenheimer’s advice, considering it weak.

As an advisor to the US Atomic Energy Commission, Oppenheimer advocates against further nuclear research, especially the hydrogen bomb proposed by Teller. His stance becomes a point of contention amid the tense Cold War with the Soviet Union. AEC Chairman Lewis Strauss resents Oppenheimer for publicly dismissing his concerns regarding the export of radioisotopes and for recommending arms talks with the Soviet Union. He also believes Oppenheimer turned Einstein against him.

At a hearing intended to eliminate his political influence, Oppenheimer is betrayed by Teller and other colleagues. Strauss exploits Oppenheimer’s associations with communists such as Tatlock and Oppenheimer’s brother, Frank. Despite Rabi and several other allies testifying in Oppenheimer’s defence, Oppenheimer’s security clearance is prematurely revoked, damaging his public image and neutralizing his policy influence. At Strauss’s later Senate confirmation hearing to become Secretary of Commerce, Hill testifies about Strauss’s personal motives in engineering Oppenheimer’s downfall. The Senate votes against Strauss’s nomination.

In 1963, President Lyndon B. Johnson presents Oppenheimer with the Enrico Fermi Award as a gesture of political rehabilitation. Oppenheimer and Einstein’s earlier conversation is revealed to be not about Strauss, but the far-reaching implications of nuclear weapons; Oppenheimer believes he started a chain reaction that will destroy the world.

Cast

• Cillian Murphy as J. Robert Oppenheimer
• Emily Blunt as Katherine “Kitty” Oppenheimer
• Matt Damon as Gen. Leslie Groves
• Robert Downey Jr. as Lewis Strauss
• Florence Pugh as Jean Tatlock
• Josh Hartnett as Ernest Lawrence
• Casey Affleck as Boris Pash
• Rami Malek as David L. Hill
• Kenneth Branagh as Niels Bohr
• Benny Safdie as Edward Teller
• Jason Clarke as Roger Robb
• Dylan Arnold as Frank Oppenheimer
• Tom Conti as Albert Einstein
• James D’Arcy as Patrick Blackett
• David Dastmalchian as William L. Borden
• Dane DeHaan as Maj Gen. Kenneth Nichols
• Alden Ehrenreich as a Senate aide to Lewis Strauss
• Tony Goldwyn as Gordon Gray
• Jefferson Hall as Haakon Chevalier
• David Krumholtz as Isidor Isaac Rabi
• Matthew Modine as Vannevar Bush
• Gustaf Skarsgård as Hans Bethe
• Michael Angarano as Robert Serber
• Jack Quaid as Richard Feynman
• Josh Peck as Kenneth Bainbridge
• Olivia Thirlby as Lilli Hornig
• Christopher Denham as Klaus Fuchs
• David Rysdahl as Donald Hornig
• Louise Lombard as Ruth Tolman
• Harrison Gilbertson as Philip Morrison
• Trond Fausa Aurvåg as George Kistiakowsky
• Olli Haaskivi as Edward Condon
• Devon Bostick as Seth Neddermeyer
• Macon Blair as Lloyd K. Garrison
• Kurt Koehler as Thomas A. Morgan
• Josh Zuckerman as Giovanni Rossi Lomanitz
• Alex Wolff as Luis Walter Alvarez
• Guy Burnet as George Eltenton
• Emma Dumont as Jackie Oppenheimer
• Jack Cutmore-Scott as Security Officer Lyall Johnson
• Scott Grimes as Counsel
• Gary Oldman as Harry S. Truman
• Hap Lawrence as Lyndon B. Johnson
• Harry Groener as Sen. Gale W. McGee
• Gregory Jbara as Chairman Warren Magnuson
• Tim DeKay as Sen. John Pastore
• James Remar as Secretary of War Henry Stimson
• Danny Deferrari as Enrico Fermi
• Máté Haumann as Leo Szilard
• Matthias Schweighöfer as Werner Heisenberg
• James Urbaniak as Kurt Gödel
• Rory Keane as Hartland Snyder

Production

Development

Following the 2005 publication of the biography American Prometheus by Bird and Sherwin, director Sam Mendes had been interested in adapting the book into a film. However, that project never materialized. Over the next 15 years, as the book was optioned by various filmmakers, the authors grew pessimistic about seeing their work adapted to the silver screen. In 2015, J. David Wargo optioned the book, then commissioned and rejected several scripts. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Wargo flew to Hollywood to meet with actor James Woods, who set up a meeting with Charles Roven, a producer for various Christopher Nolan films, and in turn, Roven gave a copy of the book to Nolan. Both Wargo and Woods are executive producers of the film.

Even before reading the book, Nolan had already long wanted to make a film about Oppenheimer. In 2019, towards the end of production on Nolan’s science-fiction film Tenet (2020), star Robert Pattinson gave the director a book of Oppenheimer’s speeches. According to Nolan, the speeches showed the physicist “wrestling with the implications … of what’s happened and what [he’s] done”. Nolan wanted to depict “what it would have been like to be Oppenheimer in those moments” in contrast to Tenet, which employs time travel to curb a potential weapon of mass destruction.

In December 2020, Warner Bros. Pictures announced plans to give its 2021 films simultaneous releases in theatres and on HBO Max, citing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the film industry. Nolan, who had partnered with the studio on each one of his films starting with Insomnia (2002), was outraged with the decision as he had been a proponent of film theatres. In January 2021, media reports mentioned the possibility that Nolan’s next film could be the first not to be financed or distributed by Warner Bros. By mid-2021, the filmmaker had left Warner Bros. and was meeting with other studios to develop his new project. Nolan had previously supported the studio’s decision to give Wonder Woman 1984 (2020) a simultaneous release, stating that he perceived that situation to have been handled properly, but said he had been excluded from any discussions regarding the postponed release of Tenet.

In September 2021, it was announced that Nolan would write and direct a biographical film set during World War II about Oppenheimer, with Cillian Murphy in negotiations to star. Due to his strained relationship with Warner Bros., Nolan approached multiple studios for the project, including Sony Pictures, Universal Pictures, Paramount Pictures, and Apple Studios. According to insiders, Paramount was ruled out early in the process in relation to the replacement of CEO and chairman Jim Gianopulos with Brian Robbins, an advocate for increased streaming-service releases. Nolan had connections to Donna Langley, the chairman and chief content officer of the NBCUniversal studio group, who agreed with his stance in favour of traditional film exhibition in movie theatres. As such, Universal agreed to finance and distribute the film, with production set to begin in the first quarter of 2022. The studio also agreed to Nolan’s terms, which included a production budget of $100 million, an equal marketing budget, an exclusive theatrical window ranging from 90-120 days, 20% of the film’s first-dollar gross, and a three-week period before and after the film’s release in which Universal could not release another new film.

Writing

Oppenheimer is the first script written by Christopher Nolan in the first person, as he wanted the narrative to be conveyed from Oppenheimer’s perspective. He described the “texture” of the film being “how the personal interacts with the historic and the geopolitical” with the intention of making it a cautionary tale. He had begun writing the script after he had finished Tenet and wrote it in only a few months; he had already been thinking about making a film about Oppenheimer for over 20 years. A major plot element is Oppenheimer’s response to the long-term consequences of his actions. Nolan wished to explore the phenomenon of delayed reactions, as he felt people are not “necessarily confronted with the strongest or worst elements of [their actions] in the moment”. He also chose to alternate between scenes in colour and black-and-white to convey the story from both subjective and objective perspectives, respectively, with most of Oppenheimer’s view shown via the former, while the latter depicts a “more objective view of his story from a different character’s point of view”. Wanting to make the film as subjective as possible, the production team decided to include visions of Oppenheimer’s conceptions of the quantum world and waves of energy. Nolan noted that Oppenheimer never publicly apologised for his role in the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, but still desired to portray Oppenheimer as feeling genuine guilt for his actions, believing that to be accurate.

Nolan began by trying to find the “thread that connected the quantum realm, the vibration of energy, and Oppenheimer’s own personal journey” and had sought to portray the difficulties in his life, particularly regarding his sexual life. As such, Nolan wanted to candidly portray his affair with Jean Tatlock. He also wanted to explore Tatlock’s influence on Oppenheimer’s life, since she was a Communist, which had “enormous ramifications for [Oppenheimer’s] later life and his ultimate fate”. Nolan also sought to explore the relationship between Admiral Lewis Strauss, former chair of the Atomic Energy Commission, and Oppenheimer. He had been inspired by the relationship between Mozart and Antonio Salieri in the film Amadeus (1984).

Another critical moment of the film was the meeting in which President Harry S. Truman called Oppenheimer a “crybaby”. Nolan wanted to convey the scene from Oppenheimer’s perspective and had felt that it was a “massive moment of disillusion, a huge turning point [for Oppenheimer] in his approach to trying to deal with the consequences of what he’d been involved with”, while also underscoring that it is a “huge shift in perception about the reality of Oppenheimer’s perception”. He wanted to execute a quick tonal shift after the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, desiring to go from the “highest triumphalism, the highest high, to the lowest low in the shortest amount of screen time possible”. For the ending, Nolan chose to make it intentionally vague to be open to interpretation and refrained from being didactic or conveying specific messages in his work. However, he did have the intention to have a “strong set of troubling reverberations at the end”.

As a young man, Nolan first became aware of Oppenheimer after hearing the lyric “How can I save my little boy from Oppenheimer’s deadly toy?” in the song “Russians” (1985) by Sting. He was also inspired by his fears of nuclear holocaust throughout his childhood, as he had lived during the era of Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND) and the anti-nuclear protests in RAF Greenham Common. He felt that “while our relationship with that [nuclear] fear has ebbed and flowed with time, the threat itself never actually went away”, and felt the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine had caused a resurgence of nuclear anxiety. Nolan had also written a script for a biographic film about Howard Hughes approximately during the time of production of Martin Scorsese’s The Aviator (2004), which had given him insight on how to write a script regarding a person’s life. Emily Blunt described the Oppenheimer script as “emotional” and resembling that of a thriller film. She also commented that Nolan had “Trojan-Horsed a biopic into a thriller”.

Casting

Oppenheimer marks the sixth collaboration between Nolan and Murphy, and the first starring Murphy as the lead. To prepare for the role, the actor did what he summarized as “an awful lot of reading” on Oppenheimer’s life and had also been inspired by David Bowie’s appearance in the 1970s. Nolan called Murphy one day to ask him to play the part, and Murphy enthusiastically accepted and was excited to play a lead role in a Nolan film. Afterwards, Nolan flew to Dublin to meet with Murphy, who read the script in Nolan’s hotel room by September 2020. Murphy lost an undisclosed amount of weight for the role in order to better match the real-life Oppenheimer’s gaunt appearance and learned several thousand words in Dutch.

The casting process was so secretive that some of the actors did not know which role they were going to play until they signed on. Robert Downey Jr., Matt Damon, and Emily Blunt took pay cuts to work on the film, earning $4 million each in lieu of their usual $10-20 million salaries. Downey went to Nolan’s house to read the script, which was printed in black on red paper. Downey has described Oppenheimer as “the best film” he has appeared in. Blunt met Nolan in Los Angeles and, when she was offered the role of Katherine “Kitty” Oppenheimer, she enthusiastically accepted; she also contacted Murphy to get an expectation of what working with Nolan would be like. Damon was taking a break from acting as a result of negotiations with his wife Luciana Barroso while in couples therapy, but took this project because he had reserved one exception: if Nolan hired him for a film. Nolan cast writer-director Benny Safdie as physicist Edward Teller after asking director Paul Thomas Anderson about his experiences directing Safdie in Licorice Pizza (2021). Safdie had worked alongside a nuclear physicist at Columbia University while in high school.

The film also marks the first time in many years for Nolan to not cast Michael Caine, who had appeared in every Nolan film since Batman Begins. When asked about Caine’s absence from the film, Nolan responded, “He’s with us in spirit, but not an actual actor. No, no. He wasn’t able to join us for this one. But he’s always with us in spirit and I’ve had the most wonderful collaboration with him over the years.”

Filming

Pre-production was underway by January 2022 in New Mexico, where a two-day casting call took place in Santa Fe and Los Alamos for people to audition to play local residents, military personnel, and scientists. Another casting call was held in February.

Principal photography began on February 28, 2022 at Ghost Ranch in New Mexico, and lasted for 57 days with Hoyte van Hoytema serving as cinematographer. Gary Oldman said he would be on set for a day in May for “one scene, a page and a half”. Nolan filmed his eldest child, his daughter Flora, in a scene in which she played a young woman disintegrated in a nuclear explosion. It appears in the film as one of Oppenheimer’s visions, in which Nolan intended to show “that if you create the ultimate destructive power, it will also destroy those who are near and dear to you”.

The film used a combination of IMAX 65 mm and 65 mm large-format film. It is also the first film to shoot sections on IMAX black-and-white photographic film, which Kodak created and FotoKem developed specifically for the movie. In the second week of April, filming took place on location at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Filming also occurred in California,[31] primarily around the campus of the University of California, Berkeley.

During a 2021 research trip, Nolan discovered that Los Alamos had drastically changed from its 1940s appearance and could not be used for exterior shots of the town; for example, the town’s equivalent of a Main Street has a Starbucks. Instead, the production team constructed a version of 1940s-era Los Alamos on top of a similar plateau at Ghost Ranch. It took three months to build the set, which was used for only six shooting days. The production also shot some scenes on location in the real town of Los Alamos starting on 08 March 2022. Many scenes in the film take place in academic lecture halls; to save time and money, the production team decided against attempting to recreate those halls as sets at Ghost Ranch, and instead shot them inside a historic Women’s Army Corps dormitory in Los Alamos. Scenes were also filmed in Oppenheimer’s original cabin in Los Alamos, which had been restored. Kai Bird visited the set and was impressed by Murphy’s performance as Oppenheimer during filming. The production filmed scenes in Belen, New Mexico, with Murphy climbing a 100-foot steel tower, a replica of the original site used in the Manhattan Project, in rough weather. Filming wrapped in May 2022.

Filming involved the use of real explosives to recreate the Trinity nuclear test, forgoing the use of computer-generated graphics. When this news first broke online, many fans (aware of Nolan’s famous preference for in-camera practical effects) thought it meant he had set off a real atomic bomb. Nolan later remarked that it was both “flattering” and “scary” that his fans would think that of him. The production team was able to obtain government permission to film at White Sands Missile Range, but only at highly inconvenient hours, and therefore chose to film the scene elsewhere in the New Mexico desert. In reality, a special set was built in which gasoline, propane, aluminium powder, and magnesium were used to create the explosive effect. Although they used miniatures for the practical effect, the film’s special effects supervisor Scott R. Fisher referred to them as “big-atures”, since the special effects team had tried to build the models as physically large as possible. To make the models look closer to their intended real-life size, the team used forced perspective. Visualisations of the interactions between atoms, molecules and energy waves, as well as the depiction of stars, black holes and supernovas, were also achieved through practical methods. Nolan claimed the film contains no computer-generated effects.

Post-Production

During post-production, editing was completed by Jennifer Lame, who had previously edited Tenet. While inspecting the footage during editing, Nolan and Lame had performed “character passes” in which they made sure that all the characters were properly displayed due to the film having a faster pace than most traditional blockbusters. Visual effects were handled by DNEG, which produced more than 100 VFX shots from more than 400 practically shot elements, marking their eighth collaboration with Nolan. Andrew Jackson was the visual effects supervisor. Digital compositing was used for the Trinity scene to add multi-layers to the explosion which was shot in a multifaceted viewpoint.

Music

Ludwig Göransson composed the score for the film, after doing so for Nolan’s previous film, Tenet. Göransson’s score was featured in a trailer for the film on 08 May 2023. It was also featured in the Universal Pictures exclusive five-minute Opening Look on 13 July. Nolan had advised him to use the violin for Oppenheimer’s central theme in the film, with Göransson remarking that he had felt that it could go from “the most romantic, beautiful tone in a split second to neurotic and heart wrenching, horror sounds”.

Release

Theatrical

Oppenheimer had its world premiere at Le Grand Rex in Paris, France on 11 July 2023, followed by the British premiere at Odeon Luxe Leicester Square in London on 13 July, and the American premiere at AMC Loews Lincoln Square in New York City on 17 July. Both the London and the New York premieres were affected by the ongoing SAG-AFTRA strike, as some actors left the London premiere early, and Universal Pictures cancelled the red carpet event for the New York premiere. SAG-AFTRA President Fran Drescher later claimed the studios “duped” the guild into accepting a 12-day-extension for negotiations to continue promoting summer films like Oppenheimer. Oppenheimer was released theatrically on 21 July 2023 by Universal Pictures. In addition to standard digital cinemas, it will be also released in various film formats including IMAX 70 mm (30 prints), standard 70 mm (113 prints) and 35 mm (around 80 prints).

The film was released on the same day as Barbie, a fantasy comedy film directed by Greta Gerwig based on Mattel’s Barbie fashion dolls and media franchise, and distributed by Warner Bros. Many speculated that Warner Bros.’ decision to release Barbie on the same day as Oppenheimer was done in order to deplete ticket sales of Oppenheimer, as retaliation for Nolan releasing the film with Universal. Due to the tonal and genre dissonance between the two films in contrast to similar thematic elements, many social media users created memes about how the two films appealed to different audiences, and how they should be viewed as a double feature. The trend was dubbed “Barbenheimer”. In an interview with La Vanguardia, Cillian Murphy endorsed the phenomenon, saying “My advice would be for people to go see both, on the same day. If they are good films, then that’s cinema’s gain.”

Classifications and Censorship

In the United States, the film received an R-rating from the Motion Picture Association for “some sexuality, nudity, and language”, meaning anyone under 17 need to be accompanied by an adult guardian. It is Nolan’s first film to receive that rating since Insomnia (2002).

In Australia, the film received an MA 15+ rating from the Australian Classification Board board for “strong sex and a suicide scene”.

In some countries in Asia, including those in the Middle East, South Asia and Southeast Asia, Universal distributed a version of the film with the nudity of Florence Pugh as Jean Tatlock covered by a computer-generated black dress.

In India, the film was released with all instances of nudity, sex and cigarette smoking scenes censored (but not cut) by the filmmakers, earning the U/A certificate from the Central Board of Film Certification (CBFC) while retaining the running time. The audio from the scene, where Tatlock directs Oppenheimer to read a verse from the Hindu scripture Bhagavad Gita, “I am become Death, destroyer of worlds”, while the two have intercourse, remained intact. As NDTV reported, the Minister for Information and Broadcasting Anurag Thakur questioned how the CBFC certified the film with the verse heard during such circumstance in the first place, and asked the scene to be deleted The Hindu right in India took offense at and demanded the removal of the scene. Despite opposition from these elements, the film was well received in most of the country.

Marketing

The film’s teaser trailer was released on 28 July 2022, featuring a live countdown to 05:29 am (MST) on 16 July 2023, the 78th anniversary of the first detonation of an atomic weapon; it premiered in screenings of Nope before being posted online on Universal’s social media profiles. Empire commented that it is exemplary of Nolan’s style: “heady, brooding stuff with a real sense of weight”. in December 2022, two trailers for the film premiered in front of Avatar: The Way of Water, with one being exclusive to IMAX theatres and the other being shown in all other formats. The latter was eventually released online. In May 2023, an official main trailer debuted during preview screenings of Guardians of the Galaxy Volume 03. It was subsequently released to the public on 08 May 2023, alongside a theatrical release poster.

Box Office

As of 02 August 2023, Oppenheimer has grossed $194.3 million in the United States and Canada, and $245.6 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $439.9 million. Variety wrote that the film needed to gross $400 million worldwide to be profitable.

Critical Response

Critics praised Oppenheimer primarily for its screenplay, the performances of the cast (particularly Murphy and Downey Jr.), and the visuals; it was frequently cited as one of the best films of 2023 up to that point, although some criticism was aimed towards the writing of the female characters.

Accolades

Oppenheimer received nominations for Best Thriller, Best Drama TV Spot (for a Feature Film), Best Sound Editing in a TV Spot (for a Feature Film), and Best Thriller TV Spot (for a Feature Film); and won Best Drama, Best Summer 2023 Blockbuster Trailer, and Best Sound Editing at the 2023 Golden Trailer Awards. It became a runner-up for Most Anticipated Film at the 6th Hollywood Critics Association Midseason Film Awards.

Impact

The renewed attention to the site and associated nuclear testing pushed the United States Senate to pass legislation which, if passed by Congress, could provide compensation and health care funding to those who were impacted, known as the “Downwinders”.

Trivia

• The film was announced in September 2021 after Universal Pictures won a bidding war for Nolan’s screenplay, following Nolan’s conflict with longtime distributor Warner Bros. Pictures.
• In order for the Black & White sections of the movie to be shot in the same quality as the rest of the film, Kodak developed the first ever B&W film stock for IMAX.
• Matt Damon was on a break from acting as a promise to his wife, with one condition: it would go on hold if Christopher Nolan called.
  • As luck would have it, Nolan offered Damon the role of Leslie Groves and the break went on hold.
• On 16 December 2022, J. Robert Oppenheimer’s security clearance was posthumously reinstated by the US Department of Energy, almost 70 years after it was first revoked by its predecessor, the Atomic Energy Commission.
  • Speaking to the New York Times, Kai Bird, co-author of American Prometheus, the Pultizer-Prize winning biography on Oppenheimer’s life and inspiration for the film, reflected on the AEC’s famously flawed security hearing, the push from the scientific community to restore Oppenheimer’s clearance, and the Energy Department’s decision, saying: “I’m overwhelmed with emotion. History matters, and what was done to Oppenheimer in 1954 was a travesty, a black mark on the honor of the nation. Students of American history will now be able to read the last chapter and see that what was done to Oppenheimer in that kangaroo court proceeding was not the last word.”
• When in the bunker, Oppenheimer says that they will know if the bomb is successful in 1 hour and 58 minutes.
  • The bomb goes off in the movie at the 1 hour and 58 minute mark.
• The score for the film does not feature any drums, as director Christopher Nolan and composer Ludwig Göransson felt using a sound typically associated with the military would be inauthentic to musically capture the character of J. Robert Oppenheimer.

Production & Filming Details

• Director(s):
  • Christopher Nolan
• Producer(s):
  • Thomas Hayslip … executive producer
  • Christopher Nolan … producer
  • Charles Roven … producer
  • Emma Thomas … producer
  • J. David Wargo … executive producer
  • James Woods … executive producer
• Writer(s):
  • Christopher Nolan … (written for the screen by)
  • Kai Bird … (based on the book by)
  • Martin Sherwin … (based on the book by)
• Music:
  • Ludwig Goransson
• Cinematography:
  • Hoyte Van Hoytema … director of photography
• Editor(s):
  • Jennifer Lane
• Production:
  • Universal Pictures (presents)
  • Atlas Entertainment
  • Gadget Films
  • Syncopy
• Distributor(s):
  • Universal Pictures
• Release Date: 11 July 2023 (Paris, France; Premiere).
• Running time: 180 minutes.
• Rating: 15.
• Country: US.
• Language: English.

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